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Pyrolytic graphite electrode (PGE) has open the door into the label-free voltammetric analysis of DNA. Not only anodic oxidation, but also cathodic reduction of nucleobases was observed. In addition, products of irreversible oxidation/reduction of the parent bases were shown to yield analytically useful of the canonical bases and 5-methylcytosine in DNA. [1] Furthermore, it was demonstrated that all studied nucleosides can be analyzed in the presence of the ambient oxygen in the electrolyte using a simple ex situ (medium exchange) procedure [2] and 2’-deoxynucleoside analogs that are parts of an artificially expanded genetic information system (AEGIS) were analyzed. [3] A method for fast detection of short polyG RNAs presented in a large overabundance of cGMP has also been developed. [4] Moreover, conductive surfaces can be modified by silver amalgam particles which impart advantages of mercury-like surface to increase application diversity covering protein analysis, plasmonic, or research of semi-synthetic organisms.

Electroanalytical, nucleic acids